In 1969, United States Vice President Agnew chaired the National Aeronautics and Space Council, which discussed post-Apollo options for manned space activities.

The Council considered four major options:

  • A manned mission to Mars
  • A follow-on lunar program
  • A low earth orbital infrastructure program
  • Discontinuing manned space activities

Based on the advice of the Space Council, President Nixon made the decision to pursue the low earth orbital infrastructure option.

This program mainly consisted of construction of a space station, along with the development of a Space Shuttle. NASA chose to develop the Space Shuttle program first, and then planned to use the shuttle in order to construct and service a space station.